Chiefs Among Us
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The Job That Never Sleeps: Whent’s role is 24-7 but it’s what he prefers — after a class on cost derivatives at CSUEB, the finance major quickly switched to criminal justice.
- March 20, 2015
There’s a reason why police are always in the limelight. Gritty crime shows, classic detective novels, the evening news — we are fascinated, outraged, demanding, critical of, and grateful for police at any given moment. And police have the daunting task of responding to these many voices, needs, and shifting priorities all at once. Putting on that badge every morning means committing your life to being a leader, civic servant, and protecting others from harm, even when the risk is great — and personal. You, a cop, are responsible for the lives and safety of hundreds of others.
Now imagine being chief.
As a chief of police, not only do you shoulder the burden of a jurisdiction’s crime rate, safety, community outreach, public relations, and more, you have the lives of officers and wellbeing of an entire organization on your hands. You are a leader among leaders.
Now imagine you’re Oakland’s chief of police. Or a key player in rebuilding BART after the infamous Oscar Grant shooting. Or heading up a police department like Hayward’s — bisected by major freeways that carry hundreds of thousands of people through the city each day.
Or, like chiefs everywhere, trying to maintain public safety and peace while negotiating the swift-moving currents of protests, riots, public unrest, police-brutality cases, assaults and murders of officers, social media, lawsuits, third-party consultants, national scrutiny, and more.
It isn’t easy being chief, but these men and women are meeting the challenge, effecting change, and finding solutions for California’s toughest problems. Here, some of the Bay Area’s high-profile law enforcement leaders share their challenges, accomplishments, and lessons learned.
And while each of these leaders oversees a jurisdiction that has a unique set of constituents and issues, they share something similar: All of them are graduates of ÂãÁÄÖ±²¥.
SEAN WHENT (BS ’11) OAKLAND CHIEF OF POLICE
Unless you live in Oakland and truly know its charm and amazing diversity, the name alone is enough for many people to think of crime. While it is undeniable that the city has a long rap sheet, it also has culture, recreation, food, entertainment, and an influx of new business development. The struggle to deal with crime, however, has intensified over the last several years due to public unrest, ranging from the protracted Occupy movement, to protests against allegations of police brutality. Through the years, the Oakland Police Department (OPD) has also faced institutional challenges, such as claims of racial profiling, unnecessary use of force, disorganization and delayed response times, and noncompliance with federal mandates for more than a decade. The call for reform is great, and the road ahead is challenging.
Enter Sean Whent.
Changing of the Guard
As the City of Oakland’s police chief, Sean Whent (BS ’11, CJA) maintains a simple, straightforward philosophy: “Build rapport with residents and good things will happen.”
Whent stepped into his permanent role as chief of police in May 2014, after serving as interim chief for a year. A 19-year veteran of the department, Whent has a range of experience across several divisions, including patrol, criminal investigations, and internal affairs — and he’s also spent time as an instructor for the police academy. With these qualifications under his belt, he was chosen from a competitive pool of 27 candidates after a rigorous national selection process.
As chief of police, Whent’s staff of 1,063 is responsible for the safety of more than 406,000 residents, which are less than ideal odds for a city of Oakland’s size and history. In addition to restructuring the department into five new districts, Whent has made community relations the heart and soul of his new tenure — to positive effect. Admitting that relationships with Oakland’s citizens have been “strained” in the past, he says, “Building better relationships with the community must be a top priority if we are to be successful in the future. If gangs own the park, people are afraid. If the police own the park, that’s oppression. But, if the community owns the park in support with the police department, the community thrives.”
Community Connection
His plan is working. Under Whent’s leadership, OPD has implemented several community programs, like a community policing coalition that strategically targets crime prevention at three levels: block, neighborhood, and citywide. By actively engaging in social media and websites like Nextdoor (a network that groups users together by neighborhood), Whent has created a direct line of communication with citizens that is free of typical barriers and red tape. On Nextdoor, for example, an area captain gives regular updates and also when serious events occur, which Whent says eliminates the maze of the organization. As one example of success, Whent mentions a peeping Tom who was caught through social media efforts by citizens tracking the perpetrator’s license plate.
Other results are even more impressive: By the close of 2014, murders were down 11 percent, residential burglaries 28 percent, shootings 13 percent, and robberies 31 percent.
Whent’s community efforts also focus on Oakland’s youth, with particular emphasis on the city’s high-school dropout rate. (In 2013, the San Francisco Chronicle reported an improvement of 25 percent, but that number is still roughly twice the national average.) This past summer, OPD established a Youth Citizens Police Academy. In the free program, youth ages 16-21 are invited to OPD’s downtown offices one night a week for three months. Participants get an unprecedented, behind-the-scenes look at the department, and they learn from police officers and division heads about crime prevention, procedures, criminal law, and how the department works.
“It’s all about our youth,” Whent says. “The more connections we have with them, the better the dividends to our community in the long run. We need to increase the positive interactions with police at all levels.” OPD maintains its touch with those who have passed through the program via an alumni association that keeps young adults working in partnership with police through annual events and fundraising.
Resource Management
Even with strong community relationships, limited resources and low officer numbers have been longstanding issues for OPD, exacerbated by attention-grabbing violent crimes and large-scale demonstrations like the recent closure of I-80 in Berkeley. The attraction of Oakland to the burgeoning tech set also raises an interesting issue: Is the influx of new money, business, and housing demands a good thing for Oakland? Whent says yes: “The police department has a role to play in economic development, and it’s our job to reduce crime.” However, he also cautions that newcomers often have high expectations for beat policing — and despite improvements in the economy, OPD’s resources have yet to catch up. While some residents are more vocal, he explains, they might not have the greatest need. Therefore, resources need to be shifted accordingly. “The demand for our services is high,” he says. “We are not a huge police department for a city of this size. It’s a constant triage of priorities. We need to adapt to emerging trends. Ultimately, the priority is the preservation of human life above anything else.”
In part, Whent’s time at ÂãÁÄÖ±²¥ primed him for this type of resource allocation. Dr. Marc Nethercutt, professor emeritus of criminal justice, made a lasting impression on Whent for his laser focus on efficiency: “He used every single minute of class time,” Whent remembers. “He had a great sense of pride. He’d tell us, ‘you are paying for your education, and I am going to give you that.’ His work ethic was inspirational.”
As to what motivates him to rise to Oakland’s considerable challenges, Whent agrees his job is hard but adds, “Anything worth doing is often a challenge, and if it’s not, then it’s not worth doing. You have to keep your foot on the gas pedal at all times and never let up. It just goes and goes and goes.”
JANEITH GLENN-DAVIS (BS ’84; MPA ’11) DEPUTY CHIEF FOR PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS AND TRAINING AT BART
BART transports more than 400,000 passengers to and from 44 stops along 104 miles of track each and every day.1 With its own dedicated police force, BART is nearly like a city unto itself, one that sews together all of the Bay Area, connecting three counties into a distinctive region. The very nature of what BART is — a transit system — means that police must deal with the challenges of not just one city, but many at the same time. While BART operates with impressive efficiency and safety for an agency of its size, events like the Oscar Grant shooting, or a more recent accidental shooting of a BART officer by a colleague, have led to protests and questions about internal operations. The task is daunting, but the BART Police Department is actively rebuilding its image and strengthening community relationships, while simultaneously responding to fresh concerns over passenger transport and safety.
The Right Choice
Janeith Glenn-Davis (BS ’84, CJA; MPA ’11) has never shied away from a challenge. After an 18-year career with the Oakland Police Department and nearly eight years as ÂãÁÄÖ±²¥’s chief of police, she has taken on reforming the fifth largest transportation system in the country — BART.
Deputy Chief Glenn-Davis joined the BART Police Department (BART PD) in 2011. Since 2012, her title has been deputy chief of professional standards and training. Her role on the BART PD executive team, however, was created directly in response to the shooting of Oscar Grant by a BART officer. To deal with the public outcry, the agency brought in consultants like the National Organization of Black Law Enforcement Executives (NOBLE), a research team with nearly 40 years’ experience helping police departments deal with issues like racial profiling and use-of-force policies. As part of the new executive team, Glenn-Davis has been instrumental in managing several initiatives recommended by the consultants, including establishing a Recruitment and Retention Advisory Council alongside another deputy chief.
Tactical Considerations
While some of her work takes place behind the scenes, Glenn-Davis’ specialty in professional standards and training may forever change the way BART police hires its officers, and how those officers respond to stressful, violent, and combative situations — factors that underscore a more permanent, long-range institutional shift in BART police operations. And it starts with education. Under Chief Kenton Rainey’s command, Glenn-Davis has expanded the list of courses BART officers are required to complete, including additional training in communication, diversity, handling emotionally disturbed persons, and community policing. “Verbal judo” is also an area of focus, which helps officers learn how to prevent and respond to emotionally charged situations and defuse conflict through conversation. Racial profiling and internal affairs have been other areas of focus.
A complete overhaul of the complaint system has also been completed, with emphasis on rebuilding the community’s trust and confidence in the police department — there are now stricter guidelines for all personnel involved in receiving/documenting complaints; detailed tracking of use-of-force incidents; and more community access to giving feedback than ever before. Glenn-Davis said her team investigates more than 100 complaints per year, and admits, “The potential for abuse is great — there has to be a strong system of checks and balances. If [the officers are] doing the right thing, there’s nothing to be uncomfortable about … Community partnerships and community relationships are at the very core of what we do. This can be a daunting job unless the public has a perception that you are fair … We want the community to see us as a true partner.”
That partnership is essential to continuing to improve safety, and how the many communities BART passes through perceive its services. Resources are limited. With only about 200 police officers, Glenn-Davis notes how important the public is in the department’s efforts. “There is no way we can do our jobs without the eyes and ears of the public,” she says. BART police must enlist the help of its ridership, and she hopes passengers will take heed of the tagline “If you see something, say something.” From the inside, Glenn-Davis has also developed a recruitment plan that addresses the specific qualities desired in a potential officer, where and how to find them, and how the BART Police Department can achieve its recruitment goals.
Leaps & Bounds
In a short few years, the department has come a long way. “Crime is down 27 percent,” Glenn-Davis says. “Everything’s still not perfect and full reform could take five to 10 years, but we are doing an outstanding job, and the BART police of today is almost unrecognizable from the BART police of the past.”
BART police are counting on new technology to keep the momentum going. BART PD was among industry leaders in the development of its “body camera” program. In August 2014, the transit agency launched BART Watch. Riders with smartphones can discreetly send an anonymous text or email to the BART police to report a crime or suspicious activity. The app enables users to send a picture or use a one-tap button to connect to BART police via telephone. So far, there have been more than 8,000 downloads, and more than 1,100 reported incidents, including panhandling, smoking, vandalism, lewd or sexual behavior, and unattended packages or baggage.
Fast-Forward: Future
After 30 years of police work, Glenn-Davis is beginning to look toward her own future. She will retire in the next year or two, and join her husband in Washington, D.C., for his appointment as the director of the Office of Community Oriented Policing (COPS) under Attorney General Eric Holder. In the meantime, she is pleased with her role at BART PD, and being among the many CSUEB alums that are making a difference in law enforcement: “ÂãÁÄÖ±²¥ has one of the best programs in the state so it’s not surprising. I’m proud to be in their company.”
DIANE URBAN (BS ’86) HAYWARD CHIEF OF POLICE
As a critical intersection of major transportation arteries and Bay Area cities, Hayward is home to a diverse population and educational institutions like ÂãÁÄÖ±²¥ and Chabot College. While the convenience of Hayward is one of its primary draws, the city has not seen the influx of technology and startup businesses that characterize neighboring communities. This keeps Hayward more affordable than much of the Bay Area (although housing costs are steadily rising), but it has also resulted in less socioeconomic opportunity in Hayward’s workforce. According to www.city-data.com, crime in Hayward is most notably concentrated in the categories of theft, auto theft, and burglary, and has contributed to a historical reputation of crime for the city.
In Her Genes
Diane Urban’s original career plans did not include crime fighting. In fact, her father, an ex-beat cop in Los Angeles, moved his family to bucolic Eugene, Oregon, just to get them away from L.A.’s streets. But for Urban (BS ’86, CJA), police work is in the blood.
Diane’s father eventually moved his family back to California and opened a home alarm business, and Urban attended high school in Los Gatos. When she started college at Cal State, she planned to major in business and take over the family trade — just not the one her father intended. “I might as well have just stuck a fork in my eye,” she says of the tedious accounting and statistics classes she took in preparation for the role of CEO. Fortunately, an elective led her to taking Intro to Criminal Justice from Benjamin Carmichael out of curiosity for her father’s previous profession. “The guy was mesmerizing. Literally, first class, 90 minutes in … I knew I was going to be in criminal justice,” she says. It took Urban the rest of the year to come clean with her dad about her change of heart, and as she later told the San Jose Mercury News, “I went home … and I said, ‘Do you want the bad news or the bad news?’” She adds, “It was as if the temperature [in the room] dropped 20 degrees.”
It may not have been the profession her father was hoping for, but Urban is used to swimming upstream. She was named the first female chief of the Hayward Police Department (HPD) in 2011 after working for the San Jose Police Department for 26 years. At San Jose, the fitness enthusiast joined MERGE, the city’s version of a SWAT team, unheard of for a woman. “They made it abundantly clear that they didn’t want me there, that they would make my life miserable,” she later admitted. Eventually, however, Urban would be the only officer on the squad to pass an FBI physical fitness test, and she went on to become the unit’s primary sniper.
Heart of the Bay
“Predicting (crime cycles) is like trying to predict the weather,” Urban says of her experience. Right now the weather in Hayward is pretty good. Crime is down 29 percent overall, and of the 110 violent crimes last year, Urban says only 1 percent was gang related. Instead, “quality of life” crimes are the biggest issue, namely traffic, auto theft, and residential burglaries. Since several major freeways go through Hayward, the city has a transitory nature that some point to as the reason for high crime. “Some people would have you believe that Hayward is crime-ridden. I know what people see. This is a community that is diverse. When you walk on the street, you see … people of different colors — that does not make it unsafe. So, that perception, it’s a bunch of baloney.”
Urban counts on community relationships to keep Hayward moving in the right direction. She uses the example of a rash of burglaries from a couple years back, which included a rumor that the police were somehow involved. Rather than stay silent, Urban proactively held community meetings and gathered support from key city stakeholders. “You always have to have your relationships in place,” she says. “There should be no Ferguson. Something is going to happen in every community. You should be able to pick up the phone to your faith-based organizations, to your community-based mechanisms, to your day-labor centers, to your local NAACP.
“I can describe my community in one sentence: They are my best force multiplier. They are my eyes and they are my ears. If I have community trust, even with people who have a mistrust for police … if those people are working with you and if those people are reporting crimes because they are not afraid about deportation … then we’ve got it made. And those relationships are firmly embedded here.”
It’s a lesson that she’s committed to passing down to her staff. “I like the community here and that’s why from the top down we should model good customer service. We’re a customer service company, if you will, and a lot of cops don’t like that. But my organization is very comfortable with it,” Urban says. “There is so much surprise in what we do that there shouldn’t be any surprise in how we do business,” she adds. “We should always be excellent, and we should always be accountable for our actions.”
PIONEERING THE WAY
Without a doubt, these chiefs have their work cut out for them — and they have many things in common: meeting the demands of their cities with limited resources, an emphasis on community relationships, and leveraging technology to expand the reach of their departments. But they are also not alone. All throughout the area, ÂãÁÄÖ±²¥ alumni represent a growing network of leaders, who are changing the landscape of law enforcement, and working with citizens to improve their communities.
Richard Lucia (MS Counseling ’91) serves as the undersheriff for the Alameda County Sheriff’s Office (ACSO). With a jurisdiction that stretches from Albany to south of Fremont and east of Livermore, the demand and breadth of services offered by ACSO is incredibly high — ranging from full-coverage patrol and investigative services of unincorporated and contracted areas, to marine patrol and fish and game enforcement, to operating a police academy. Lucia counts his time at CSUEB as invaluable for the insight his educational psychology classes gave him into people from different walks of life. “The men and women I went to school with came from a variety of backgrounds,” he says. “Being able to share in those discussions and listening to them was extremely valuable. Many of the students were not law-enforcement professionals, so these interactions provided me with a good balance today.” An avid runner, Lucia, who lives near the university, runs around the campus almost every day. “It’s like home to me,” he says.
Paul Rolleri (BS ’85) was selected as interim police chief of Alameda in June 2013 and was permanently named to the position in November 2013. Alameda, a charter city (governed by its own charter document rather than general law of the government), houses a high-density population of more than 75,000 in about 10 square miles of land. Alameda is also a comparatively safe area of the East Bay, with crime rates well under the national average2. Rolleri, a native, intends to keep it that way. He joined the Alameda Police Department in 1992 and has worked in patrol, field training, investigations, youth services, and the violent crimes unit. “My experiences at ÂãÁÄÖ±²¥ opened my eyes to the details of the criminal justice system. It’s not just about arresting people,” he says. “It’s also about building relationships and achieving outcomes that have a positive impact in the community.”
Leading the police department in Moraga is Chief Robert Priebe (MPA ’92). Moraga is arguably one of the sleepier towns in in the Bay Area, nestled into a small valley of hills, and home to St. Mary’s College of California. The population comes in at just over 16,000 with similar square mileage to that of Alameda; the town is home to pricey housing and crime averages are desirably low3. Priebe joined the Moraga Police Department in 1979, and was named interim chief in 2008 before being permanently promoted in 2009. “The most important thing I learned at ÂãÁÄÖ±²¥ is how to be a change agent,” he said. “I deal with constant change; in law enforcement policies and procedures, in personnel, in society, in technology, in the law, and in our community. Nothing is static. A successful organization needs to be adaptable in order to provide the best possible customer service. You have to embrace change to do your job well.”
Police Chief Walter Tibbet (MS Counseling ’01) heads up the Fairfield Police Department, which means looking after a city of unusual shape and size — extending just east of Travis Air Force Base all the way west of I-680 and south toward Vallejo. Fairfield struggles with more crime than neighbors like Vacaville, Benicia, and Napa, and does have issues with violent crimes, most notably involving firearms; however, theft, auto theft, and burglary are more prevalent4. Tibbet has been around the Bay Area long enough to meet the challenge: He spent 26 years at the San Jose Police Department, ending his term as a captain before accepting a chief of police post at Alameda in 2006. Tibbet began his current role in Fairfield in 2010. He has many memories of his time at CSUEB, and explains both the on-campus and classroom experiences were important in their own right. “The student body brought together a group of people from widely diverse backgrounds,” he says. “The opportunity to share our various experiences in the campus setting provided an enriched learning environment.”
Daniel J. DeSmidt (MPA ’06) was named chief of police of Belmont in July 2012. Belmont is sandwiched between San Mateo and San Carlos to the north and south, with Foster City to the west and hills to the east. The population of Belmont was nearly 27,000 in 2013, and, like the surrounding cities, Belmont is home to a high number of tech-industry professionals — nearly 25 percent. Belmont has historically enjoyed a low crime rate, especially in terms of violent crime5. As a Belmont native, DeSmidt has been with the department for more than 25 years and is a veteran of the San Mateo County Sheriff’s SWAT team. “ÂãÁÄÖ±²¥ helped me realize how to create a learning organization,” he says. “We need to be able to adjust to any situation. Day by day, variables change. Situations change. The crime rate goes up, or it goes down. My job as a leader is to prepare my organization to adapt to any and all of these challenges.”
Adele Frese (BS ’92) was named police chief of Greenfield (30 miles south of Salinas) in March 2014, after 20 years with the Corpus Christi, Texas, Police Department. The small agricultural town is a part of Monterey County, and has an estimated population of about 25,000, with more than 90-percent Hispanic residents. Like many ÂãÁÄÖ±²¥ students, Frese is a first-generation college graduate. “Growing up in the East Bay and seeing the university sitting up on top of the Hayward hills, the campus sort of became a symbol of what I knew I wanted to achieve,” she says. But it isn’t just her coursework in criminal justice that has had a profound impact on her career: “I was fortunate to have taken a course in Women and Literature from Dr. Eileen Barrett. I never imagined the knowledge I gleaned from her class would be put to use later in my public safety career when I became an integral part of the recruiting, hiring, and training process of police officers. What I learned from her course, coupled with the guidance she and other professors offered, inspired me to attend graduate school and direct my research in women in policing. I’m proud to have attended CSUEB.”
Allan Cantando (BS ’91; MPA ’94) is police chief of Antioch, one of the oldest towns in California (est. 1872). Crime in Antioch soars above national averages and that of surrounding cities6. However, complete statistics for 2013 showed improvement in several areas over 2012, including aggravated assault, burglary, and theft. Cantando says his time at ÂãÁÄÖ±²¥ was essential, as his professors were contemporary about what was occurring in the field and taught with a great deal of credibility. Today, Cantando believes that being transparent with the community is critical. He holds quarterly community meetings that allow residents to participate in Q&A sessions. “We used to have just what we call ‘true believers’ attend,” Cantando says. “But now, we have a mixture, which includes critics, too. That’s good, because we want people to be open and honest with the police department, and let us know what they think about our services.”
THE ROAD AHEAD
Even with its challenges, it’s a dynamic time to be a leader in the Bay Area — economic upswing, business growth, new opportunities in education, and even public scrutiny are all part of creating forward movement. These law-enforcement leaders may be at the helm of change, but they are leveraging community dialogue, technology, and their exposure to diverse learning opportunities at ÂãÁÄÖ±²¥ to steer the course. Chief Urban of Hayward helped put the sheer number of CSUEB graduates that are holding high-profile positions into perspective: “How many people make chief? Less than 1 percent of 1 percent. And to have so many alumni all come from one university? I think it speaks volumes when it comes to the current quality there and what’s been in place for decades.”
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2. National crime average comparisons taken from www.city-data.com.2,3,4,5,6